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Calayan (Ibanag language, meaning "where laya (ginger) abounded") is a municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2010 census, it has a population of 16,200 people in an area of .〔〔 It is located in the South China Sea, in Luzon Strait north of Luzon Island. The town is composed of four of the five major islands of the Babuyan Islands namely: Calayan, Camiguin, Dalupiri and Babuyan Island. Calayan Island is the largest of the Babuyan Islands. Fuga Island, the fifth island within the Babuyan Islands, is part of Aparri municipality.〔("Calayan" ). Trail Behind.com. Retrieved on 2 February 2013.〕 Calayan is home to the Calayan rail, a flightless bird identified as a separate species in 2004 and endemic to Calayan Island.〔("Welcome to Calayan" ). CalayanIsland.com. Retrieved on 2 February 2013.〕 ==History== A mission headquarters was established on Calayan Island in 1722. During the Spanish colonial administration regime, the administrators were Don Licerio Duerme in 1896, Don Pedro Abad in 1897, and Don Angel Escalante during 1898-1902. Administratively, the Calayan island was part of the Batanes group of islands. From 1902, Calayan was brought under Cagayan Province. However, this change of administrative control resulted in isolation of the islanders as transport communications were lacking. In 1916, Fray Andres Sanchez and Fray Geronimo Morer, Dominican Fathers, visited this island and gave the island its name. It was only in 1954 that the Governor of Cagayan, Jose P. Carag, came to Calayan. The next visit by a governor was only in 1981, by Justiniano P. Cortez, when a mobile government was organized to improve the health conditions of the people and to distribute medicine and food items such as rice, canned goods, and seeds. A repeat of this mission occurred in 1982.〔 In 1940, during World War II, American Forces, who came by the USS ''Princeton'', occupied the island. This was welcomed by the people of Calayan as it ushered prosperity to the island as well as provision of medicine, clothing and other items of utility. Schools were established by the American forces and they also functioned as teachers with English as the medium of instruction. They also introduced adult education programmes. In return, the Calayanos offered gifts to the soldiers such as ancient jars, sea shells and handicrafts.〔 On 8 December 1941, the Calayan group of islands became occupied by Japanese Imperial Forces. During the early liberation period in 1944, the American Forces seized the Japanese garrison, and moved the Japanese prisoners to concentration camps in Luzon.〔 The rocky northern coast line of the Calayan Island was the scene of a disaster when the warship ''Datu Kalantiaw'', which had served during the World War II and subsequently under the Philippine flag, was hit by Typhoon Clara. The ship ran aground on 21 September 1981. Rescue and recovery operations were launched by the ammunition ship USS ''Mount Hood'' together with the Philippine Navy units "in a most adverse weather environment," and could recover only 49 bodies of the 79 who perished (presumably other 30 bodies were not recovered) which were taken to Manila to be handed over to the next of kin of the dead. Calayan experienced an earthquake shock of 5.1 magnitude on 23 December 2012. Its epicenter was located at to the west of Calayan at a depth of , and no damage or deaths were reported. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Calayan, Cagayan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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